Cybersecurity in Nepal

Title

Cybersecurity in Nepal

Category

IT Policy & Government

Details

Cybersecurity in Nepal

Legal Framework

• Electronic Transactions Act (ETA) 2008: Nepal's primary cybercrime law, covering hacking, data theft, online fraud, and digital signatures.
• Individual Privacy Act (2018) — data protection.
• Nepal is drafting a comprehensive Cybersecurity Act.

Key Institutions

• National Information Technology Centre (NITC) — under MoCIT; handles government IT security.
• Nepal Police Cybercrime Bureau — investigates cybercrime.

Common Cybercrimes in Nepal

• Online fraud, social media impersonation.
• Financial fraud via mobile/internet banking.
• Fake news and misinformation on TikTok/Facebook.

Challenges

• Rapid digitisation without strong cybersecurity culture.
• TikTok was temporarily banned in 2023 (social concerns).

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